What Is a Radiator in a Car?
04 June,2024
Updated:17 July,2024
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2359A car's radiator is essential for keeping the engine cool. Its major role is to eliminate heat by using a technique called heat transfer. If the engine gets heated above the optimum temperature, it can damage the engine.
What is a Car Radiator?
A car radiator is a device that helps the engine cool down. The primary goal of the car radiator is to remove the excess heat from the engine. The engine gets heated up as a result of internal combustion. So, to maintain an optimal engine temperature, the radiator helps absorb the excess heat.
Engine failure can occur if the optimal engine heat is not maintained. When the thermostat in front of the engine detects excess heat, coolant and water are released from the radiator. This coolant and water are sent through the engine to absorb excess heat.
Once the engine reaches its optimal temperature, the coolant is sent back to the radiator. The radiator uses a fan to blow over the liquid to cool it down, which then exchanges with the air outside the vehicle.
Components of a Car Radiator
The radiator contains some important components that play a role in the cooling process. The components are
Core
The core is the largest part of the radiator and contains fins that help with airflow. The hot liquid will release heat and again cool down in the core before going through the system again.
Pressure cap
The important function of the pressure cap is to seal the cooling system so that the pressure will remain intact. The coolant in the radiator is sealed to avoid the coolant getting heated up. Additionally, the pressure cap keeps the system working efficiently.
Inlet and outlet tanks
The inlet and outlet tanks are responsible for the liquid to flow out and into the radiator. It is located in the radiator head. The hot liquid from the engine enters the inlet tank and once it cools down, it will exit through the outlet tank and then again back into the engine.
Radiator hose
The radiator hose connects the inlet and outlet tanks to the radiator and the engine. The coolant moves through these radiator hoses.
The other cooling system components that work with the radiator are water pump and thermostat. The thermostat regulates the engine’s temperature and if the engine gets heated above the optimum temperature, the thermostat will allow the coolant to pass through the engine. If the engine has cooled down, it will close it and the liquid flow will be stopped.
On the other hand, the water pump pushes the coolant through the system. The engine turns on the drive belt, which in turn switches on the pump and the spinning blades. As a result, the liquid is forced through the system as required.
How a Car Radiator Works?
A car radiator plays a crucial role in keeping the engine from overheating. The working of a car radiator is explained below.
Coolant Circulation
The car engine produces heat due to internal combustion. The coolant is passed through the engine as soon as the thermostat indicates a temperature change.
Cooling Fins
The coolant becomes hot after passing through the hot engine. Cooling fins will surround many small tubes. These fins help the coolant to dissipate the heat quickly.
Heat Exchange
The hot coolant flows through the tubes, transferring heat to the fins. Then, the transferred heat is dissipated with the help of airflow.
Coolant Re-Entry
Again, when the thermostat indicates that the engine temperature is rising, the cooler coolant exits the radiator through the lower radiator hose and returns to the engine to absorb more heat, continuing the cycle.
Signs of Radiator Problems
Over time, there can be issues related to the cooling system due to wear and tear. Some of the common problems are:
1. Leaking coolants can indicate that your radiator is at fault. Cracks can cause coolant leaking, and you can see your coolant under your vehicle when it is parked or when driving.
2. Coolants usually have a thin consistency and are yellow or green-coloured. If your coolant appears to be discoloured, then there might be a contamination. Debris and dust from the radiator can contaminate the coolant and it can become dark or rusty. In some cases, coolants can become thick and create sludge, which will prevent the coolant from cooling down the engine.
3. Airflow problems can occur if the radiator fins are damaged or bent. This can be the result of too much water pressure or gravel hitting the fins while driving.
Common Radiator Issues
Radiators play an important role in the engine’s cooling process. Some of the common radiator issues are explained below.
Radiator leaks
Radiator leaks indicate a damaged hose. When a sweet smell or green liquid is present, you can be sure that there is a radiator leak. The common cause of the leak is the continuous flow of coolant from the radiator to the heated engine, which can lead to pressure build-up. The pressure build-up leads to breakage or damage of the hose.
Overheated radiator
Sometimes, radiators overheat, and the reason for it can be a failing radiator fan. When the radiator fan fails or becomes inactive, it can lead to overheating. In such cases, there will be no choice left, and you will have to change the radiator.
Rusted or corroded radiator
Rust is common, and it can be a threat to the radiator. Rust occurs because the radiator is a place where the liquid, air and metal meet. When too much oxidisation occurs, it can lead to leaks and, in some extreme cases, radiator failure.
Malfunctioning thermostat
Malfunctioning of the thermostat can lead to radiator problems. The thermostat will not be able to detect temperature changes, which will result in the coolant not being circulated. So the water pump will fail, and the pressure will drop. So, promptly replace the water pump or the thermostat to prevent the engine from overheating.
Build-up of debris
The build-up of dirt and debris is a common radiator issue. Over time, dust and debris tend to block the coolant passage reaching the engine. This can lead to overheating of engine and it can signify clogged radiator hose. So it is recommended to do a coolant flush to remove all the debris.
How to Maintain a Car Radiator?
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Always maintain a regular coolant level. When the coolant level reduces, it can indicate that there can be a leak. In some cases, there can be slow leaks, so always pay attention to the coolant levels.
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Radiator hose should be changed every 36,000 miles or at least for every three years.
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The coolant amount will depend on the size of the radiator. A range of 11 to 28 quarts is required for most radiators. To know the original capacity, check the owner’s manual guide.
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Timely removal of contaminants from the radiator can be crucial. So flush out the coolant for every 25,000 miles. This will help the radiator to work at full efficiency.
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Never overfill your temperature. As changes in temperature of the liquid will require space for the liquid to contract and expand.
When to Replace a Car Radiator
A well-maintained radiator will work effectively for about 8-10 years. In most cases,replacement of the radiator will be required if there is any damage or a powerful one is required.
Replacement will be required if you face these problems.If you face any trouble with pressure, the radiator cap will fail, and eventually it should be replaced.
Coolant leaks should be addressed promptly.There is a risk of pet getting affected due to coolant leaks. If pets ingest the coolant, it can lead to death.
Rust and debris can block the flow of the coolant, which will not cool the engine effectively. In such cases, it is important to replace with a new one.
Choosing the Right Radiator for Your Car
When you’re planning to replace your car radiator, it is important to consider these factors.
Cooling capacity
Check whether the cooling capacity is suitable for your engine, vehicle, operating climate and towing needs.
Materials
Choose the right material which will provide good performance and durability. Copper or brass radiators fall under this category. Additionally, mechanics also suggest radiators with copper or brass alloy designs.
Shape and size
Shape and size should match your vehicle for your radiator to work efficiently. Additionally, a perfect size that suits your vehicle will also prevent any leaks of the coolant.
Build quality
Build quality is an important quality to look for a good radiator. The welds, soldering, leaks testing and durability of mounts play a major role in the lifespan of the radiator. Always choose the reputable brand known for its quality.
Warranty coverage
Look for the radiators that provide long years. Purchase radiators that give you about 8-10 or an unlimited warranty.
Conclusion
Radiators play a crucial role in helping the engine to cool down and maintain an optimum temperature. It is important to do regular checks on coolant leaks, formation of rust and other contamination. By doing so, engine damage can be prevented and a well maintained radiator will work efficiently for about 8-10 years.
Shriram Car Insurance provides an engine protector cover. The cover covers the cost of engine replacement if the engine is damaged. So protect your car with Shriram Car Insurance.
FAQs
1. Is the car radiator repairable?
Yes, car radiators can be repaired if there is small leaks or clogs. However, if there is a major leak or damage, it should be replaced.
2. How often a radiator tank should be cleared?
A radiator tank should be cleared for every 30,000 miles. This will help prevent debris build up.
3. Can a car run without a radiator?
A car will not be able to run without a radiator
