Difference between AWD and 4WD in Cars

 

What Is an All-Wheel Drive and How Does It Work?

All-wheel drive (AWD) is a type of drivetrain system in cars that distributes power to all four wheels to improve traction and handling in different road conditions. The internal computer in the vehicle constantly monitors wheel speed and other factors to determine the appropriate amount of power to send to each wheel. Many modern vehicles are equipped with AWD to enhance their performance and safety in a variety of driving scenarios.

 

Types

The following are generally the two types of AWD options available.

 

1. Full-Time AWD: Full-time AWDs provide continuous power to the front and back tyres, thereby enhancing handling on dry, icy, or muddy roads.

 

2. Part-Time AWD:  Part-Time AWD powers either the front two or back two tyres at a time but automatically shifts to powering all wheels based on road conditions.

 

What Is a 4-Wheel Drive and How Does It Work?

Four-wheel drive (4WD) is a system in which engine power is sent to all four wheels of a car to increase traction and control. Also, the driver is given the option to control the power output to the front and rear tyres or sometimes even individual tyres to adapt to the driving conditions. It particularly comes in handy in off-road or low-traction situations like mud, snow or rugged terrain. This drivetrain is generally found in trucks, SUVs, and other off-road vehicles.

 

Types

1. Full-Time 4WD: In a full-time 4WD, power is provided to all four wheels simultaneously. However, the driver can manually select different drive modes to change the power output to the tyres.

 

2. Part-Time 4WD: Cars with this type of 4WD generally function with the rear two wheels. However, when necessary, the driver has the option to engage all four tyres.

 

Key Differences Between AWD and 4WD

The following are the key differences between an AWD and 4WD.

Criteria	4WD	AWD
Customisation	You can choose between 4WD and 2WD drive modes.	Generally, you can only drive an AWD with all four wheels. You don’t have the option to customise.
Mileage	Better mileage as compared to AWDs.	Lesser fuel efficiency as compared to 4WDs.
Pricing	More costly than an AWD.	More cost-effective than a 4WD.

 

Advantages and Disadvantages of All-Wheel Drive

 

Advantages

1. Enhanced traction in various road conditions.

2. Improved stability and control, particularly in inclement weather.

3. Better performance in off-road and low-traction situations.

4. Automatic power distribution to optimize handling.
 

Disadvantages

1. Increased complexity and weight, which can affect fuel efficiency.

2. Potentially higher maintenance and repair costs.

3. Limited ability to improve fuel economy compared to two-wheel drive vehicles in ideal driving conditions.

 

Advantages and Disadvantages of 4-Wheel Drive

 

Advantages

1. Improved traction in off-road conditions such as mud, snow, and sand.

2. Enhanced stability and control on slippery or uneven terrain.

3. Better performance when towing or hauling heavy loads.

4. Allows for better handling in challenging situations
 

Disadvantages

1. Increased fuel consumption compared to two-wheel drive vehicles.

2. Higher initial cost and potentially expensive maintenance.

3. Can lead to drivetrain wear and tear if used unnecessarily on smooth roads.

4. Limited availability in certain vehicle models and types.
 

Factors to Consider When Choosing Between AWD and 4WD

The following are the factors to consider when choosing between AWD and 4WD cars.

1. Purpose: Consider your individual vehicle usage. For instance, if you frequent off-roading routes, you can go with 4WD rather than AWD.

 

2. Climatic Conditions: The terrain in your region will be influenced by the general climatic conditions. So, take that into account while picking an AWD or 4WD.

 

3. Mileage: If mileage is your priority, we suggest considering a 4WD for your next car. It generally has a slight edge over its counterpart as far as fuel efficiency is concerned.

 

4. Vehicle Performance: Choose the vehicle that feels the best for you in terms of performance and handling. Ensure that you test drive the vehicle before making a purchase.

 

5. Availability: Check if the AWD/4WD feature is available in your desired car model. Not all cars come with these drivetrain options, so check this before buying a car.

 

Insure Your New AWD/4WD Car

Irrespective of whether you are opting for a AWD or 4WD you need to get your car insured with Third Party Car Insurance as per the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988. That being said, such an insurance policy only covers injuries, death or property damage to a third party. If you want coverage for your own car, you need to get Comprehensive Car Insurance. Moreover, we suggest getting Car Insurance only from a reliable insurance provider like Shriram General Insurance.

 

FAQs

1. Is 4x4 and 4WD the same thing?

Yes, AWD and 4WD refer to the same drivetrain when it comes to cars.

 

2. Which is safer, AWD or 4WD?

We cannot determine which car is safer between an AWD and 4WD, as each vehicle model will have its own set of safety features. That being said, AWDs and 4WDs generally offer better traction than 2WD vehicles, thus enhancing safety while driving in challenging terrain.

 

3. Are all SUVs fitted with AWDs/4WDs?

No, not all SUVs have an AWD/4WD drivetrain. However, these features are gaining popularity in recent SUV models.